Synergistic Effects on the Mechanical, Thermal, and Morphological Properties of HDPE Composites Reinforced With Walnut Shell and Nano‐Calcium Carbonate

KARAGÖZ, İdris; Duyar, Halil İbrahim; Çavuşoğlu, Aysu; Sepetçioğlu, Harun

doi:10.1002/app.57464

Synergistic Effects on the Mechanical, Thermal, and Morphological Properties of HDPE Composites Reinforced With Walnut Shell and Nano‐Calcium Carbonate

Yazarlar (4)

Doç. Dr. İdris KARAGÖZ Yalova Üniversitesi, Türkiye

Halil İbrahim Duyar Yalova Üniversitesi, Türkiye

Aysu Çavuşoğlu Yalova Üniversitesi, Türkiye

Harun Sepetçioğlu Selçuk Üniversitesi, Türkiye

Makale Türü	Özgün Makale (SSCI, AHCI, SCI, SCI-Exp dergilerinde yayınlanan tam makale)
Dergi Adı	Journal of Applied Polymer Science (Q3)
Dergi ISSN	0021-8995 Wos Dergi Scopus Dergi
Dergi Tarandığı Indeksler	SCI-Expanded
Makale Dili	İngilizce	Basım Tarihi	06-2025
Cilt / Sayı / Sayfa	142 / 37 / –	DOI	10.1002/app.57464
Makale Linki	https://doi.org/10.1002/app.57464

Özet

In this study, the thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties of high-density polyethylene composites reinforced with wal1nut shell and nano-CaCO3 were investigated. Composites with a fixed walnut shell content (20%) and varying nano-CaCO3 concentrations (1%, 3%, and 5%) were prepared by extrusion and injection molding. The results showed that increasing filler content raised crystallization temperatures, while melting temperatures (Tm) slightly decreased, and crystallinity was lower compared to pure HDPE. The lowest Tm (128.2°C) and crystallinity (27.3%) were found in the PECCWS4 and PECCWS5 composites. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that the initial degradation temperature (T5) increased from 452°C to 457.8°C, and the temperature for 50% weight loss (T50) shifted from 481.8°C to 486.5°C. Residual weight at 600°C increased from 1.1% for PECCWS1 to 9.5% for PECCWS5, indicating improved char formation. Scanning Electron Microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy showed improved filler distribution and enhanced filler-matrix interaction. The combination of walnut shell and nano-CaCO3 improved certain mechanical properties such as tensile strength and modulus; however, elongation at break decreased in tensile testing, indicating reduced ductility. These findings highlight the synergistic effect of walnut shell and nano-CaCO3 in enhancing HDPE composites' thermal and mechanical properties, showing potential for improved performance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

BM Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları

Atıf Sayıları
WoS	6
SCOPUS	7
Google Scholar	7

Synergistic Effects on the Mechanical, Thermal, and Morphological Properties of HDPE Composites Reinforced With Walnut Shell and Nano‐Calcium Carbonate

Dergi Adı	JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
Yayıncı	John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Açık Erişim	Hayır
ISSN	0021-8995
E-ISSN	1097-4628
CiteScore	5,8
SJR	0,572
SNIP	0,700

Synergistic Effects on the Mechanical, Thermal, and Morphological Properties of HDPE Composites Reinforced With Walnut Shell and Nano‐Calcium Carbonate

Paylaş